Azo tebchaw yog cov organic ua haujlwm molecules nrog ib pab pawg azo (-N=N-) ua lawv cov qauv tsim. Lawv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog los ntawm lawv cov qauv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb thiab rov qab isomerization tus cwj pwm, yog li nthuav tawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv photoresponse, molecular regulation, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntse. Cov tebchaw no tsis tsuas yog muaj cov duab nyob deb li deb- tswj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv muaj peev xwm ntawm qib molecular tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm lawv cov khoom siv physicochemical ntawm qhov ntsuas macroscopic, muab txoj hauv kev ua tau rau ntau yam kev txiav - ntug daim ntawv thov.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog photoinduced reversible isomerization. Cov nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab los yog cov saw hlau hloov pauv ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm pawg azo feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv lub thermodynamically ruaj khov hloov pauv hauv lub xeev hauv av. Thaum absorbing photons ntawm ib lub wavelength tshwj xeeb, lawv tuaj yeem zoo siab rau lub xeev lub zog siab dua thiab tau txais ib qho - kev sib cog lus sib hloov nyob ib ncig ntawm N=N axis, hloov mus rau cis conformation. Nyob rau hauv thermal so los yog kev ua ntawm lub teeb ntawm txawv wavelengths, lawv muaj peev xwm rov qab mus rau lub trans conformation. Daim duab no-tsav tau bidirectional hloov dua siab tshiab nthuav tawm cov lus teb ceev thiab rov qab zoo, thiab cov isomerization efficiency thiab spectral rhiab heev tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev kho cov teebmeem hluav taws xob thiab kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm cov neeg hloov pauv, yog li ua tiav ntawm -thov photocontrol.
Qhov thib ob, kev hloov pauv hauv cov tshuaj azo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv loj hauv lawv cov khoom kho qhov muag thiab lub cev. Lub trans configuration, vim yog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm lub conjugated system, qhia txog kev nqus thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm refractive, thaum lub cis configuration, vim tsis muaj zog conjugation, ua rau lub xiav hloov ntawm lub spectrum thiab ib tug hloov nyob rau hauv refractive index. Cov kev sib txawv no tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom siv optically tswj polarization, tunable photonic crystals, los yog qhov sib txawv refractive index txheej txheej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev hloov pauv ntawm molecular conformation cuam tshuam rau kev ntim khoom thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog, yog li tswj cov theem hloov pauv kub, qhov ntub dej ntub dej, thiab kev ua raws li cov khoom siv, ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv sab nraud lub teeb.
Thib peb, azo tebchaw muaj kev tsim qauv zoo heev thiab kev sib raug zoo. Los ntawm kev qhia cov pab pawg sib txawv ntawm ob sab ntawm pawg azo, lawv solubility, stability, thiab compatibility nrog polymers, nanocarriers, los yog biomolecules tuaj yeem hloov kho, ua kom yooj yim tsim cov txheej txheem sib xyaw nrog ntau yam matrices. Cov yam ntxwv no tso cai rau kev hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov saw hlau polymer, tus kheej - cov qauv sib dhos, lossis kev sib txuas ua haujlwm, txuas mus rau hla - kev qhuab qhia xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov tau yooj yim, lub qhov rais ntse, xa tshuaj, thiab bioimaging.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus cwj pwm teb ntawm azo tebchaw muaj qhov tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm tsis yog -kev sib cuag thiab spatiotemporally tswj tus cwj pwm. Kev tswj chaw taws teeb yog ua tau yam tsis muaj kev sib cuag ncaj qha lossis tshuaj hloov pauv, thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam thiab programmable functional modulation tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub teeb siv, wavelength, thiab irradiation cheeb tsam, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm siab -precision thiab miniaturized systems.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, cov yam ntxwv ntawm azo tebchaw yog concentrated nyob rau hauv reversible photoisomerization, conformation -kev ua tau zoo coupling teebmeem, tus qauv tsim, thiab tsis yog - tiv tauj controllability. Cov khoom no ua rau lawv tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv ntse photoresponsive thiab muab lub hauv paus zoo molecular rau kev tsim kho cov tshuab ua haujlwm tshiab.
